Ulmus × hollandica 'Wredei'
| Ulmus × hollandica 'Wredei' | |
|---|---|
.JPG) 'Wredei', Stadspark, Groningen. | |
| Hybrid parentage | U. glabra × U. minor |
| Cultivar | 'Wredei' |
| Origin | Germany |
The hybrid elm cultivar Ulmus × hollandica 'Wredei', also known as Ulmus × hollandica 'Dampieri Aurea' and sometimes marketed as Golden Elm, originated as a sport of the cultivar 'Dampieri' at the Alt-Geltow Arboretum, near Potsdam, Germany, in 1875.[1][2]
Not to be confused with two other popular cultivars named 'Golden Elm', Ulmus glabra 'Lutescens' and Ulmus 'Louis van Houtte'.
Description[edit]
The tree is fastigiate when young,[3] but like its parent 'Dampieri' can become more spreading with age.[4] It has broad, crinkled leaves clustered on short shoots; when these are young they are suffused yellow, but as the tree ages they revert to green.
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Young 'Dampieri Aurea', Morningside, Edinburgh -
Long shoots
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Pests and diseases[edit]
'Wredei' is susceptible to Dutch elm disease.
Cultivation[edit]
'Wredei' was distributed by the Louis van Houtte and Späth nurseries in the late 19th century (Louis van Houtte described it in 1881 as a "superbe nouveauté").[5][6] Späth supplied one tree, as U. montana fastigiata aurea, to the Dominion Arboretum, Ottawa, in 1893,[7] and three in 1902 to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh in 1902 as U. montana fastigiata Dampieri Wredei.[8] 'Dampieri Aurea' appears in the 1902 catalogue of the Bobbink and Atkins nursery, Rutherford, New Jersey,[9] and in Kelsey's 1904 catalogue, New York.[10] Ulmus Wredei aurea was introduced to Australia in the early 20th century.[11] 'Wredei' is currently one of the most popular elms on sale in Europe owing to its colourful foliage and modest size.
For the 'Golden Elm' at Great Dixter Gardens, Northiam, East Sussex,[12] apparently miscalled 'Dampieri Aurea' by the horticulturalist Christopher Lloyd,[13] see U. minor 'Dicksonii'.
Notable trees[edit]
In the UK, the Tree Register of the British Isles (TROBI) Champion is at Blakers Park, Brighton, measuring 17 m high and 57 cm d.b.h. in 2009, when the leaf colour was reverting to green.[14]
Etymology[edit]
The tree is named for Joseph Wrede (1831–1912), Royal Horticultural Inspector at the Royal State Nursery, Alt-Geltow, Potsdam, and curator of the Alt-Geltow Arboretum.[15]
Synonymy[edit]
- Ulmus campestris 'Wredei' Hort. ex Lauche, Deutsch. Dendr. 347 (1880).
- Ulmus carpinifolia var. Dampieri f. Wredei Juhlke
- Ulmus dampieri 'Wredei': Krüssmann, in Parey's Blumengartn, ed. 2.1: 519, 1958.
- Ulmus dampieri var. Wredei: Juhlke [1], in Hamburg Gart.- & Blumenzeit, 33: 485, 1877.
- Ulmus Dippeliana f. Wredei (Hort.) Schneider, Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde, 1:218, fig. 136p, 1904.
- Ulmus × hollandica 'Dampieri Aurea'
- Ulmus montana var. Dampieri aurea Wrede ex Jaeger & Beissner , Ziergeh. ed. 2, 403 (1884).
- Ulmus montana var. Dampieri Wredei Ruempler, Gartenbau-Lex. 930(1890). - Rehder in Miller's Deutsch Gartn.-Zeit. 13: 160, fig. (1898).
- Ulmus montana var. fastigiata aurea Hort. ex Nicholson Kew Hand-list Trees Shrubs, 2: 141 (1896).
- Ulmus montana pyramidalis Wredei – Catalogue de Louis van Houtte, 1881-2[5]
- Ulmus scabra var. Dampieri var. Wredei (Juhlke) Hartwig Illustrirtes Gehölzbuch 393 (1892).
- Ulmus nitens f. Wredei Rehder in Mitteilungen der Deutschen dendrologischen gesellschaft 24(1915): 218 (1916).
- Ulmus foliacca var. Wredei Rehder in Bailey, Stand. Cvcl. Hort. 6: 3413 (1917).
- Ulmus Wreedi aurea: Leach, ex Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society of London, 16: lxi, 1893.
Accessions[edit]
- North America
- Dominion Arboretum, Canada. No details available.
- Morton Arboretum, Illinois, US. Acc. no. 269–57 (as Smooth-leaved Elm, U. carpinifolia 'Wredei')[16]
- Europe
- Brighton & Hove City Council, UK. NCCPG Elm Collection [2], listed as U. minor 'Wredei'. Old tree in Blakers Park; newly planted trees at Wild Park and Withdean.
- Grange Farm Arboretum, Lincolnshire, UK. Acc. no. 525 (as Ulmus wredei 'Aurea')
- Hortus Botanicus Nationalis, Salaspils, Latvia. Acc. no. 18119 (as U × hollandica 'Dampieri Aurea')
- Royal Horticultural Society Gardens, Wisley, UK. No details available.
- South Park Gardens, Wimbledon, London, UK. TROBI champion: 14 m high, 59 cm d.b.h. in 2001.[14]
- University of Copenhagen Botanic Gardens, Denmark. No details available.
- Wijdemeren City Council, Netherlands. Elm collection. 2 planted (around 1980) playground Rembrand van Rijnlaan, Loosdrecht.
- Australasia
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria (Melbourne), Australia[17]
- Ballarat Botanical Gardens, Australia. Listed on the Significant Tree Register of the National Trust.
- Eastwoodhill Arboretum [3], Gisborne, New Zealand. One tree (as U. minor 'Wredei'), details not known.
Nurseries[edit]
Widely available.
References[edit]
- ^ Elwes, Henry John; Henry, Augustine (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. 7. p. 1894.
- ^ Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. 24 (6–8). Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University: 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
- ^ "Ulmus hollandica 'Wredei'". www.esveld.nl. Retrieved 2023-12-01.
- ^ Photograph of 'Wredei' beginning to lose its fastigiate outline. Archived 2011-07-11 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b Cultures de Louis van Houtte: Plantes Vivaces de Pleine Terre, Catalogue de Louis van Houtte, 1881-2, p.303
- ^ Katalog (PDF). Vol. 108. Berlin, Germany: L. Späth Baumschulenweg. 1902–1903. pp. 132–133.
- ^ Saunders, William; Macoun, William Tyrrell (1899). Catalogue of the trees and shrubs in the arboretum and botanic gardens at the central experimental farm (2 ed.). Ottawa. pp. 74–75.
- ^ Accessions book. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 1902. pp. 45, 47.
- ^ Bobbink and Atkins, Rutherford. N.J. 1902. p. 51.
- ^ General catalogue, 1904 : choice hardy trees, shrubs, evergreens, roses, herbaceous plants, fruits, etc. New York: Frederick W. Kelsey. 1904. p. 18.
- ^ Spencer, Roger, ed., Horticultural Flora of South-Eastern Australia, Vol. 2 (Sydney, 1995), p. 112
- ^ Paul Gillett, The Long Border, Great Dixter, www.geograph.org.uk
- ^ Lloyd, Christopher (1993). Christopher Lloyd's flower garden. Dorling Kindersley. p. 25. ISBN 978-1-56458-167-9.
- ^ a b Johnson, Owen (ed.) (2003). Champion Trees of Britain & Ireland. Whittet Press, ISBN 978-1-873580-61-5
- ^ Gartenkultur in Brandenburg und Berlin. Herausgegeben vom Ministerium für LUR des Landes Brandenburg.
- ^ U. carpinifolia 'Wredei' at Morton Arboretum, Tree Family Ulmaceae
- ^ RBGV (Melbourne) Elm list
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